Notes

• 44 B.C. Caesar secured a vote from the senate making him dictator for life
• his death produced another crop of warlords and more bouts of civil war
• mark Antony and Octavian were the rival loyalists of Caesar
• they joined forces against Caesar's assassins
• Marcus Lepidus formed into a group with them and he was a lesser warlord
• they then divided the roman world 
• Octavian was based in Rome
• Lepidus was in north Africa
• and Mark Antony was sin Alexandria 
• in 31 B.C. the two halves of Rome's empire went to war
• the Roman version of Greco- Roman civilization prevailed in Western territories 
• LO1- the Rule of the Emperors
• princeps- a traditional name for prominent leaders who were considered indispensable to the Republic
• 27 B.C. Augustus was confirmed as commander
• After Augustus won supreme power, Greek city- states in Anatolia began building shrines and sacrificing to "Rome and Augustus 
• When Augustus died the Senate declared him a Devine Being like Julius Caesar
• Vespasian was known for cynical sense of humor
• Praetorian Gaurd- legion sized part of his army
• Augustus was convinced that if their peace and stability will last, the changes he made must continue after his death
• Domitian- was Vespasian's son was assassinated near the end of the first century 
• the philosopher- statesman was Marcus Aurelius
• he was also called the best of rulers, the cultured and energetic Hadrian, and the wise and dutiful Antoninus